Hloov cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hloov pauv (SMPS), raws li cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tseem ceeb ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob niaj hnub no, universally ntiav cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hluav taws xob vim tias lawv ua tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua ntawm SMPS kom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo, kev cog lus, thiab hloov pauv hluav taws xob. Piv rau ib txwm siv fais fab zaus transformers, lawv muab qhov zoo tshaj plaws hauv kev ua tau zoo, qhov loj me, thiab kev ua haujlwm nthuav dav, dhau los ua ib feem tseem ceeb rau kev ua tiav lub zog hloov pauv hauv SMPS.
Siab - tus yam ntxwv zaus tsav tsheb mus rau hauv ob qho tib si loj thiab kev ua tau zoo yog qhov tseem ceeb ua ntej rau cov tshuab hluav taws xob hloov pauv hloov mus rau SMPS. Traditional transformers ua haujlwm ntawm 50 / 60Hz fais fab zaus, yuav tsum tau hnyav silicon steel core nplooj ntawv thiab ntau ntawm winding tooj liab xaim kom ua tiav lub zog hloov pauv, ua rau qhov loj me thiab kev ua haujlwm tsuas yog 92% -94%. Cov tshuab hluav taws xob hloov hluav taws xob, tso siab rau lub zog hluav taws xob hloov tshuab hluav taws xob, ua haujlwm ntawm ntau zaus txij li kaum ntawm kHz mus rau ob peb MHz. Ua ke nrog qis- poob ferrite cores, cov tub ntxhais loj thiab tooj liab siv tau raug txo qis, thiab qhov hnyav tuaj yeem txo mus rau 1/3 txog 1/5 ntawm cov khoom siv ib txwm muaj. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, kev siv hluav taws xob hloov pauv tau dhia mus rau 85% -98.5%, ua tau raws li qhov kev xav tau me me, lub teeb yuag, thiab kev siv hluav taws xob tsawg ntawm SMPS. Qhov no tseem yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev tsim qauv ntawm cov khoom siv nqa tau yooj yim xws li lub xov tooj ntawm tes chargers thiab laptop fais fab adapters.
Ntau- kev sib koom ua ke ua tau raws li qhov xav tau ntawm kev siv hluav taws xob nyuaj ntawm SMPS. Cov hluav taws xob hloov hluav taws xob tsis yog tsuas yog ua cov kauj ruam voltage- nce / kauj ruam- kev hloov pauv tab sis kuj muab hluav taws xob cais tawm, lub zog cia, thiab cuam tshuam kev cuam tshuam. Hauv kev ua haujlwm SMPS, lawv ua haujlwm nrog cov khoom siv hloov pauv xws li MOSFETs los hloov DC lub zog rau hauv siab - zaus pulse signals. Tom qab hloov pauv hloov pauv, cov teeb liab raug kho thiab lim rau hauv DC lub zog ruaj khov. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, kev tsim qauv winding shielding suppresses electromagnetic cuam tshuam (EMI), kom ntseeg tau tias cov khoom siv hluav taws xob zoo. Hauv qhov sib piv, cov hloov pauv ib txwm muaj ib zaug xwb - ua haujlwm, tsuas yog ua qhov kev hloov pauv hluav taws xob, tsis tuaj yeem hloov mus rau qhov siab - zaus hloov pauv ntawm SMPS, thiab tsis tuaj yeem ua tau raws li kev tiv thaiv kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob.
Kev txawj ntse tswj tau thiab hloov pauv hloov tau txhawb nqa ntau yam kev thov rau SMPS. Cov hluav taws xob hloov hluav taws xob tuaj yeem hloov kho qhov hloov pauv lub luag haujlwm los ntawm kev siv tshuab pulse width modulation (PWM), ua tiav kev tswj xyuas cov zis hluav taws xob thiab tam sim no. Qhov no tso cai rau kev hloov pauv hloov mus rau qhov xav tau ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob sib txawv, suav nrog txhua yam los ntawm milliwatt- qib microelectronic Cheebtsam mus rau kilowatt- qib khoom siv. Nws tag nrho fiber ntau-optic thiab semiconductor ntaus ntawv ua ke tsim muab microsecond- theem teb ceev, ua kom cov lus teb ceev ceev rau cov kab sib chaws hloov pauv. Nws kuj txhawb AC / DC hybrid interfaces, txuas mus rau DC fais fab chaw xws li photovoltaics thiab lub zog cia, ua rau nws muaj peev xwm nthuav SMPS mus rau hauv cov teb xws li lub zog tshiab thiab cov chaw zov me nyuam. Traditional transformers, nrog rau qhov tsis tu ncua, tuaj yeem xa tawm lub zog nkaus xwb thiab tsis tuaj yeem ua tau raws li qhov xav tau ntawm SMPS.
Energy density and reliability advantages meet the needs of large-scale SMPS applications. Cov tshuab hluav taws xob hloov hluav taws xob ua tiav cov khoom siv hluav taws xob muaj zog hauv qhov ntim me me dhau los ntawm qhov siab - zaus lub zog hloov tshuab, tso cai rau SMPS mus rau hauv qhov chaw kaw, xws li kev sib txuas lus hauv paus chaw nres tsheb modules thiab automotive electronic systems. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nws qhov poob qis thiab kev tswj xyuas qhov kub thiab txias, ua ke nrog kaw - voj kev tawm tswv yim tswj, xyuas kom ntev - lub sijhawm ua haujlwm ruaj khov thiab txo cov nqi kho tom qab. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hloov hluav taws xob muab hluav taws xob sib cais ntawm cov tswv yim thiab cov zis, tiv thaiv kab sib chaws cuam tshuam los ntawm kev xa mus rau cov khoom thauj thiab tiv thaiv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob zoo. Qhov no yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev rau lub hwj chim rhiab heev loads xws li cov cuab yeej kho mob thiab kev tswj kev lag luam.
Los ntawm kev pom ntawm daim ntawv thov, qhov sib txawv topological ntawm cov hluav taws xob hloov hluav taws xob ntxiv ua kom lawv txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv SMPS. Rau qis-cov khoom siv hluav taws xob portable, flyback hluav taws xob hloov hluav taws xob ua tiav cov khoom siv hluav taws xob sib cais nrog cov qauv yooj yim; rau nruab nrab - thiab siab - zog SMPS, rau pem hauv ntej thiab choj topology hluav taws xob transformers tuaj yeem txhim kho kev ua haujlwm; nyob rau hauv lub zog tshiab, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob- lub xeev cov hluav taws xob hloov hluav taws xob kuj tuaj yeem ua tiav lub zog bidirectional ntws, txhawb nqa kev them nyiaj ntawm lub tsheb hluav taws xob thiab lub ncov shaving thiab hav ntim ntawm daim phiaj hluav taws xob. Qhov xwm txheej no-raws li kev hloov pauv tau ua rau cov tshuab hluav taws xob hloov hluav taws xob muaj kev txhawb nqa rau tus ntoo khaub lig- daim ntawv thov ntawm SMPS, txhawb nqa lawv txoj kev siv dav hauv cov neeg siv khoom siv hluav taws xob, kev tswj hwm kev lag luam, thiab lub zog tshiab.