Tsis muaj-load lub xeev ntawm transformer

Tsis muaj-load txhais tau hais tias cov zis transformer, uas yog, qhov thib ob sab, tsis nqa ib qho load.
(1) Tus choj lossis kev sib txuas ntawm qhov voltage thiab magnetic teb
Tsuav nws koom nrog electromagnetics, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog transformers, nws yog inevitable siv Faraday txoj cai ntawm electromagnetic induction, vim hais tias nws yog qhov txuas ntawm voltage thiab magnetic teb, txuas voltage thiab magnetic teb. Raws li tau hais ua ntej, qhov sib txuas ntawm qhov tam sim no thiab sib nqus teb yog "Ampere lub voj theorem", txuas tam sim no thiab sib nqus teb.
(2) Induced electromotive quab yuam ntawm lub kauj
Thaum lub zog nce ntxiv rau lub hauv paus ntawm lub transformer, raws li txoj cai ntawm electromagnetic induction, induced voltage ntawm thawj kauj yog qhia raws li nram no, uas yog, induced electromotive quab yuam ep yog sib npaug zos rau input voltage:
Qhov tam sim no i{{0}} ntawm lub hauv paus coil generates magnetic flux φ1 nyob rau hauv lub magnetic core. Tam sim no i0 yog hu ua excitation los yog exciting tam sim no, uas txhais tau hais tias nws yog lub excitation qhov chaw rau generating lub magnetic teb. Magnetic flux φ1 tseem hu ua lub ntsiab sib nqus flux ntawm lub transformer.
Txij li thaum lub transformer yog ib tug flux kis tau tus mob tivthaiv nrog ib tug siab permeability sib nqus kaw tub ntxhais raws li lub magnetic Circuit Court, rau lub hom phiaj ntawm simplicity, lub transformer yog theoretically ib tug tag nrho ua ke ntaus ntawv nrog ib tug coupling coefficient ntawm k=1. Qhov sib nqus flux yog qhov sib nqus flux tsim los ntawm thawj kauj (electromagnetic). Nws yuav tsum to taub thiab paub hais tias txij li thaum tag nrho cov coils ntawm lub transformer qhia tib lub sib nqus core, lub magnetic flux dhau los ntawm lub hauv paus thiab cov hlau nplaum flux dhau los ntawm lub thib ob yog tib yam, uas yog, φ1=φ{{ 2}}φ (Ψ=N * φ yog hu ua flux linkage, φ12 sawv cev rau cov sib nqus flux generated los ntawm coil N1 rau coil N2. Kom tsis txhob muaj kev ntxhov siab, φ1 yog siv ntawm no. tsis muaj qhov chaw ntawm nws tus kheej tsim magnetic flux), tus nqi ntawm kev hloov ntawm magnetic flux φ kuj zoo ib yam, thiab qhov thib ob induced electromotive quab yuam yog qhia raws li nram no:
Tom qab ntawd, peb tau txais cov qauv siv ntau tshaj plaws rau qhov piv ntawm qhov hloov hluav taws xob voltage rau cov lem
Los ntawm cov qauv no, nws tuaj yeem pom tau tias qhov hloov pauv yog qhov hloov pauv hloov pauv ntawm qhov pib mus rau theem nrab. Qhov tsis muaj-load dominates lub tsim ntawm lub transformer voltage-hloov kev sib raug zoo, uas yog tus piv ntawm tus naj npawb ntawm coil lem. Qhov kev sib raug zoo no yog tsim los ntawm kev sib raug zoo nrog cov tub ntxhais sib nqus.